1.空化作用
1. Cavitation
空化作用就是超声波以每秒两万次以上的压缩力和减压力交互性的高频变换方式向液体进行透射。在减压力作用时，液体中产生真空核群泡的现象，在压缩力作用时，真空核群泡受压力压碎时产生强大的冲击力，由此剥离被清洗物表面的污垢，从而达到精密洗净目的。
Cavitation is the transmission of ultrasonic wave to the liquid in the high-frequency transformation mode of the interaction of compression force and pressure reduction more than 20000 times per second. During pressure reduction, vacuum core bubbles are generated in the liquid. Under compression, vacuum core bubbles will generate strong impact force when crushed by pressure, thus stripping dirt on the surface of the cleaned object, thus achieving the purpose of precision cleaning.
在超声波清洗过程中，肉眼能看见的泡并不是真空核群泡，而是空气气泡，它对空化作用产生抑制作用降低清洗效率。只有液体中的空气气泡被完全脱走，空化作用的真空核群泡才能达到*佳效果。
In the ultrasonic cleaning process, the bubbles visible to the naked eye are not vacuum core bubbles, but air bubbles, which inhibit cavitation and reduce cleaning efficiency. Only when the air bubbles in the liquid are completely removed, can the vacuum-core bubble of cavitation achieve a good effect.
2.直进流作用
2. Direct inflow
超声波在液体中沿声的传播方向产生流动的现象称为直进流。声波强度在0.5W/cm2时，肉眼能看到直进流?垂直于振动面产生流动，流速约为10cm/s。通过此直进流使被清洗物表面的微油污垢被搅拌，污垢表面的清洗液也产生对流，溶解污物的溶解液与新液混合，使溶解速度加快，对污物的搬运起着很大的作用。

The phenomenon that ultrasonic waves flow in the liquid along the direction of sound propagation is called straight inflow. When the sound wave intensity is 0.5W/cm2, can the naked eye see the direct inflow? Flow is generated perpendicular to the vibration surface, and the flow rate is about 10cm/s. Through this direct inflow, the micro-oil dirt on the surface of the cleaned object is stirred, and the cleaning fluid on the surface of the dirt also produces convection. The solution that dissolves the dirt is mixed with the new liquid, which accelerates the dissolution speed and plays a great role in the transportation of the dirt.
3.加速度作用
3. Acceleration
液体粒子推动产生的加速度。对于频率较高的超声波清洗机，空化作用就很不显着了，这时的清洗主要靠液体粒子超声作用下的加速度撞击粒子对污物进行超精密清洗。
Acceleration caused by liquid particles. For the ultrasonic cleaner with higher frequency, the cavitation effect is not significant. At this time, the cleaning mainly relies on the acceleration impact particles of liquid particles under the ultrasonic effect to carry out ultra-precision cleaning of dirt.
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