1.预清洗：

1. Pre cleaning:

浸泡：对于污垢较多或污垢附着力较强的工件，可先将其浸泡在清洗液中一段时间，使污垢初步软化和松动，为后续的超声波清洗打下基础。浸泡时间根据工件的污垢程度和清洗液的性质而定，一般为几分钟到十几分钟。

Soaking: For workpieces with a lot of dirt or strong adhesion of dirt, they can be soaked in cleaning solution for a period of time to soften and loosen the dirt, laying the foundation for subsequent ultrasonic cleaning. The soaking time depends on the degree of dirt on the workpiece and the nature of the cleaning solution, usually ranging from a few minutes to a dozen minutes.

喷淋：利用喷淋装置将清洗液以一定的压力和流量喷射到工件表面，去除工件表面的一些浮尘、碎屑等较易清洗的污垢。喷淋可以在超声波清洗之前单独进行，也可以与浸泡结合，边浸泡边喷淋，提高清洗效果。

Spray: Use a spray device to spray cleaning solution onto the surface of the workpiece at a certain pressure and flow rate, removing some easily cleanable dirt such as floating dust and debris on the surface of the workpiece. Spraying can be performed separately before ultrasonic cleaning, or combined with soaking to spray while soaking, improving the cleaning effect.

冲洗：用高压水流对工件进行冲洗，进一步去除工件表面的污垢和杂质。冲洗时要注意水流的压力和方向，确保能够覆盖到工件的各个部位。

Rinse: Rinse the workpiece with high-pressure water flow to further remove dirt and impurities from the surface of the workpiece. When flushing, pay attention to the pressure and direction of the water flow to ensure that it can cover all parts of the workpiece.

2.超声波清洗：这是整个工艺的核心环节。

2. Ultrasonic cleaning: This is the core link of the entire process.

超声波清洗：超声波发生器将电能转换为高频电信号，驱动换能器工作，换能器将高频电信号转换为机械振动，在清洗液中产生超声波。超声波的空化作用、乳化作用和加速度作用等会使清洗液中的微小气泡迅速膨胀、闭合，产生强烈的冲击波和射流，从而剥离和去除工件表面的污垢。

Ultrasonic cleaning: The ultrasonic generator converts electrical energy into high-frequency electrical signals, drives the transducer to work, and the transducer converts the high-frequency electrical signals into mechanical vibrations, generating ultrasonic waves in the cleaning solution. The cavitation, emulsification, and acceleration effects of ultrasound can cause small bubbles in the cleaning solution to rapidly expand and close, generating strong shock waves and jets, thereby peeling and removing dirt from the surface of the workpiece.

3.漂洗：

3. Rinse:

超声波漂洗：用超声波对经过清洗的工件进行漂洗，去除工件表面残留的清洗液和污垢。漂洗时可以使用纯水或添加了一定添加剂的水作为漂洗液，以提高漂洗效果。

Ultrasonic rinsing: Rinse the cleaned workpiece with ultrasonic waves to remove residual cleaning solution and dirt on the surface of the workpiece. When rinsing, pure water or water with certain additives can be used as the rinsing solution to improve the rinsing effect.

喷淋漂洗：在超声波漂洗之后，再次使用喷淋装置对工件进行漂洗，进一步去除工件表面的残留物质。喷淋漂洗可以使用高压纯水，确保工件表面的清洁度。

Spray rinsing: After ultrasonic rinsing, the workpiece is rinsed again using a spray device to further remove residual substances on the surface of the workpiece. Spray rinsing can use high-pressure pure water to ensure the cleanliness of the workpiece surface.

4.干燥：

4. Drying:

热风干燥：利用热风机或热风循环系统，将热空气吹向工件表面，使工件表面的水分迅速蒸发，达到干燥的目的。热风干燥的温度和时间要根据工件的材质和尺寸进行调整，避免温度过高导致工件变形或损坏。

Hot air drying: Using a hot air blower or hot air circulation system, hot air is blown onto the surface of the workpiece to rapidly evaporate the moisture on the surface, achieving the purpose of drying. The temperature and time of hot air drying should be adjusted according to the material and size of the workpiece to avoid deformation or damage caused by excessive temperature.

真空干燥：将工件放置在真空干燥箱内，通过抽真空降低箱内的气压，使工件表面的水分在低压下快速蒸发。真空干燥可以有效地去除工件内部的水分和气体，适用于一些对干燥要求较高的工件。

Vacuum drying: Place the workpiece in a vacuum drying oven and rapidly evaporate the moisture on the surface of the workpiece under low pressure by vacuum dropping the air pressure inside the oven. Vacuum drying can effectively remove moisture and gas inside the workpiece, and is suitable for some workpieces with high drying requirements.

擦干或甩干：对于一些小型或简单的工件，可以采用擦干或甩干的方式进行干燥。擦干时要使用干净的布或纸巾，避免再次污染工件；甩干时要注意控制甩干的速度和时间，防止工件损坏。

Drying or spin drying: For some small or simple workpieces, drying or spin drying can be used. When drying, use a clean cloth or tissue to avoid contaminating the workpiece again; Pay attention to controlling the speed and time of spin drying to prevent damage to the workpiece.

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